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25 January 2026

The future of affordable EVs: Breakthroughs in battery pack costs

Clemens Cepnik and Martin Linder

Until recently, the shift from internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) was steadily gaining momentum, driven primarily by international targets for reducing CO2 emissions. New vehicles sold have bold targets—49.5 grams of CO₂ per kilometer (km) by 2030 in the European Union,1 for example—with related penalties for exceeding fleet targets playing a major role in increased electrification.

Despite some slowdown caused by geopolitical trends and constantly changing climate targets, our forecasts show global BEV sales to increase by 18 percent per year by 2030 to meet current regulatory targets. To achieve the projected global ramp-up of zero-emission vehicles, EVs will need to penetrate mass markets before 2030. Although the total cost of ownership (TCO) for many EVs (including purchase price, maintenance, electricity, taxes, and insurance) is better when compared with ICE vehicles in important markets, higher costs and customer prices for BEVs remain significant barriers to faster adoption.

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