INTRODUCTION
Russia’s re-invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 galvanized the West to help resist this aggression. Today, the war continues on many fronts, including cyberspace, but the assistance efforts have slowed as resource constraints and fatigue increasingly set in. Simultaneously, the digital realm in Ukraine continues to be the focus of aggression, both for prosecuting the current conflict as well as a crucial post conflict concern.
In February 2023 the Aspen Institute paper titled “The Cyber Defense Assistance Imperative: Lessons from Ukraine”1 examined how the private sector established support for Ukrainian cyber defense, discussed its impacts, and derived key lessons from the process. As geopolitical flashpoints near Russia—the Baltic States, Moldova and Poland—and in East Asia—Taiwan and the Philippines—escalate with a substantial cyber component, a deep understanding of future potential challenges to cyber defense assistance (CDA) is crucial. Ukraine’s digital resiliency will also be crucial to negotiating and sustaining Ukraine’s ability to move beyond the current conflict. Similarly, strong cyber defenses and digital resiliency can improve crisis stability in other potential flashpoints as stated in the U.S. International Cyber Strategy released in May 2024.
Today the need for effective, adaptable cyber defense and resiliency bolstered by operational assistance remains essential for Ukraine. The efforts conducted in Ukraine also illuminate how similar geopolitical situations will require similar efforts for achieving the goals for the United States and its allies. This second paper provides an update to our earlier paper and additional findings.
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