Ulrike Schaede
Through public-private collaboration, Japan is pushing the technology frontier in next-generation high-performance computing (HPC) and quantum computing, beyond current-generation artificial intelligence (AI). Sizable investments are beginning to yield results, from building the infrastructure for next-generation hardware to new start-ups. This new moonshot leverages Japan’s long-standing core competencies in high-level precision manufacturing, hardware excellence, system-level engineering, computing design innovation, and industrial policy. It is also a central piece in Japan’s response to the rise of geoeconomics. Rather than viewing the world in only zero-sum terms, Japan’s positioning begins with a conviction that nobody can win alone in the new world of HPC and quantum computing. To balance power relations in the U.S.-Japan security umbrella, Japan’s national economic security strategy is centered on forging inextricable tie-ups with the United States.
Japan’s New Moonshot: Quantum and High-Performance Computing
AI is on everybody’s mind, in Japan just as much as everywhere else. While Japan may have been late in developing its own AI, there is now substantial investment and activity around domestic AI design. These are often specialized to certain areas; for example, the NEC cotomi focuses on helping companies accelerate their digital transformation. In October 2025 a new government push was announced to build more domestic AI in order to reduce dependency on U.S. and Chinese AI models.[1]
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