Next Army is a collaborative series by CSIS Futures Lab and the Modern War Institute launched in honor of the U.S. Army’s 250th birthday and the Army Transformation Initiative (ATI). The commentaries explore how emerging technologies, organizational reforms, and major shifts in the strategic environment will shape the force of 2040 and beyond.
In the future, the U.S. Army will operate as a distributed, data-centric network in which every echelon—from squad to theater armies and corps serving as combined forces land component commands—can tap a continuously refined “brain of the Army.” This agentic AI model will integrate lessons harvested from professional military education (PME) and real-world operations, fusing human insight with machine speed to accelerate the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP),
Troop Leading Procedures (TLP), and functional planning. Commanders will query staffs that combine human military professionals and an ecosystem of AI agents fine-tuned through reinforcement learning from human feedback. The best and brightest across the Army will collectively teach AI agents how to think about land power based on insights captured in classrooms, staff rides, and decision games—turning the classroom and leader development into the structured data needed to train algorithms.
Widely used AI platforms ingest commercial datasets divorced from the realities of land warfare, leaving commanders with generic models that misunderstand terrain, tempo, and tactical nuance. Most foundation models, which are generalists, are trained on more data about the Kardasian family than corps commanders from World War II or evolution of Army doctrine for leading large units.
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