23 November 2025

In Europe, the Problem Is Deterrence, Not Drones

Ann Marie Dailey

Since multiple Russian drones crossed into Poland in September, European leaders have expedited the idea of a “drone wall” and rushed to discuss the need to invest in countering drones.

But when it comes to European defense, Russian attack drones are not the true problem. The problem is an erosion of the pillars of nuclear and conventional deterrence.

This erosion has myriad causes, but the impact is that Russia feels emboldened to test NATO's political will by, among other things, flying attack drones at or over a NATO nation. Over-investing in a “drone wall” would be a waste of precious resources that would be better spent on other defense priorities. It would not deter Russia, and perhaps most importantly, it wouldn't even defend against pressing vectors of drone-use violence that Europe is likely to face.

Europe and the United States should be working with Ukraine and investing in research and development to improve what are currently a host of inadequate options for countering uncrewed aerial systems. But instead of focusing on defending against drones from the east, Europe should invest in its ability to strike back at Russia and take steps to demonstrate a willingness to use these capabilities.

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