1 December 2025

Protection of the Dead


22 articles
Whether lawful or unlawful, death is an inherent part of war– and has been throughout history. Each of the four 1949 Geneva Conventions contains rules addressing this topic quite extensively, as do their Additional Protocols and customary IHL, both for international and non-international armed conflicts. Yet, until now, the IHL rules on the protection of the dead have received relatively little attention in scholarship. The ambition behind this edition of the Review is to remedy this gap, with a focus on contemporary wartime realities and humanitarian responses, including by the International Committee of the Red Cross. This edition also seeks to address how international human rights law and international criminal law can complement the protection of those who have died as a result of armed conflicts. Many contributions in this edition equally reflect on the deeper layers of ethics, values, culture and religion underpinning the legal rules. By treating the dead, no matter who they were in life, in a dignified manner, parties to an armed conflict contribute to upholding humanity in war. Ultimately, doing so may help to build trust and find pathways to peace between those who have inflicted death upon each other during war.

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