Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia are rapidly accelerating their integration of unmanned aerial and ground systems to adapt to the shifting paradigm of modern regional conflict. Following the decisive role of Turkish and Israeli drones in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War.
Baku has established dedicated Unmanned Systems Troops and expanded its defense budget to a planned $5.1 billion by 2026. This systemic shift has forced Yerevan to diversify its procurement away from Russia toward India, France, China, and the United States, while showcasing new strike drones and ground-based robots. Conversely, Tbilisi is falling significantly behind due to political instability and unfulfilled production initiatives, despite its joint venture with Poland's WB Technologies. As defense spending rises across the South Caucasus, the regional balance of power is increasingly defined by domestic drone production capabilities, foreign technology transfers, and institutional military adaptation that will shape future escalation dynamics.
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