Jumpei Ishimaru
On 21 April 2026, the cabinet of Japanese Prime Minister Takaichi Sanae revised the rules restricting Japan’s exports of defence equipment and technology, the Three Principles on Transfer of Defense Equipment and Technology (the ‘Three Principles’), following a proposal by the ruling coalition – the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), supported by the Japan Innovation Party (JIP). The move included scrapping the rule that had limited Japan’s defence transfers of finished products to five categories of non-lethal items: rescue, transport, warning, surveillance and minesweeping.
The government is aiming to increase defence exports and thereby also to strengthen Tokyo’s deterrence, enhance the country’s defence-industrial base and generate economic growth. While the change is set to create new commercial and diplomatic opportunities, there are capacity issues that both the government and industry need to overcome.
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