No sooner had news broke of a US-Israeli attack on Tehran on the morning of 28 February 2026, than Iran had launched a series of its own strikes targeting the six member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council. The Iranian attacks included missile and drone strikes against military, civilian, and economic sites, aimed at raising the costs of war for the United States and its allies, and at shocking the global economy in a way that might force an end to the war. The United Arab Emirates received the largest number of Iranian strikes, followed by Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Oman.
From Mediators to Parties to the Conflict
The US-Israeli strikes against Iran punctured efforts by several Gulf states to contain the escalation between Washington and Tehran. Since the Twelve-Day War in June 2025, they had intensified their political and diplomatic efforts to prevent the region from sliding into another conflict that could undermine the security and stability of the Gulf, as well as its economies and the global energy markets that depend heavily on it.
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