12 November 2025

Autonomous Systems: Learning the Right Lessons from Ukraine for Down Under

Mick Ryan

Our experience will be invaluable for the entire rational world, because any country could face a similar scenario. I don’t know of a single NATO country capable of defending its cities if faced with 200-300 Shaheds every day, seven days a week. Robert ‘Madyar’ Brovdi, July 2025.

On 4 November 2025, I appeared as an expert before Australia’s federal parliament Defence subcommittee of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs Defence and Trade. I testified about autonomous systems, AI and defence partnerships and their implications for Australia’s defence and national security.

First, what are the trends in drone operations during the war in Ukraine that we must understand and learn from in the Australian Defence Force (and other military forces). And, second, what might we do now to adapt the force structure, warfighting concepts, training and procurement systems to ensure that our military remains at the leading edge of 21st century capability.

Below is not a transcript of my testimony. The sections below however do cover the key concepts and ideas that I explained to the Defence subcommittee of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs Defence and Trade.

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