24 February 2026

Why Iran Isn’t Supporting ISIS-K

Ali Rizk

In a recent article published in The National Interest, Joseph Epstein suggests that Iran may be using ISIS-Khorasan (ISIS-K) as a proxy to destabilise Azerbaijan. Epstein refers to the arrest last month of three individuals accused of plotting an attack on the Israeli embassy in Baku, after which it was revealed that the would-be perpetrators had conspired with ISIS-K to carry out the attack.

The Islamic Republic, the author argues, has good reason to support such acts of terrorism in Azerbaijan, owing to Baku’s close ties with Israel and the United States. While there is no denying the fact that ties between Tehran and Baku hit rock bottom over Iranian suspicions of Israel using Azeri airspace during the 12-Day War, Epstein omits some important facts that seriously undermine his case.

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