Center for Strategic and International Studies | Benjamin Jensen, Yasir Atalan
The upcoming May 14–15 summit between President Donald Trump and President Xi Jinping in Beijing presents a critical opportunity to address the escalating dangers posed by artificial intelligence in U.S.-China relations. While AI could foster mutual cooperation, a significant underlying problem is the observed escalatory tendencies in China’s foundation models, such as DeepSeek. These biases raise concerns about the potential for unintended escalation in future conflicts, particularly given the rapid advancements in AI-driven military applications. Strategic dialogue is imperative to establish guardrails and prevent AI from becoming a destabilizing force in an already complex geopolitical landscape. Both leaders must prioritize discussions on developing mechanisms to mitigate these risks, ensuring that AI development and deployment do not inadvertently trigger or exacerbate international crises. Failure to address these inherent escalatory biases could lead to a dangerous arms race and increased global instability.
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