5 June 2026

False Targets, Real Survivability: Here’s What’s Keeping the Army from Borrowing Ukraine’s Air Defense Decoy Techniques

Modern War Institute  |  Trevor Alexander, Christopher Burlison

Ukraine's Patriot air defense units successfully employ medium-fidelity decoys to deceive Russian targeting, maintain critical infrastructure coverage, and increase enemy costs. Despite Russian claims of destroying numerous Patriot systems, Ukraine's limited seven batteries (as of October 2025) remain operational, showcasing decoy effectiveness. These cheap, attritable decoys, often made from wood and salvaged parts, force Russia to expend intelligence and matériel resources.

Ukrainian units enhance decoy plausibility through strict emissions control and developing a "pattern of life," enabling Patriot systems to survive over three years of constant threat. However, the US Army is hindered from adopting similar techniques by a lack of tactical-level equipment and training, and overly centralized authorities. Current US Army Field Manuals require high-echelon approval for tactical deception, and Patriot batteries lack organic decoy capabilities and training. To address this, the US Army should delegate decoy employment authorities to battery and battalion commanders, provide material resources, and integrate decoy techniques into training, applying these lessons across other warfighting functions to enhance survivability and impose costs on adversaries.

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