Evgeny Roshchin
Executive Summary The political alignment of China and Russia is best defined as a friendship rather than a classical alliance. While they are committed to coordinating and supporting each other, the relationship does not entail the strict obligations of an alliance
There is an established imbalance in the friendship, with Russia often being seen as the Junior partner in the relationship. In the global arena, the countries act as free agents, taking independent action and occasionally expressing divergent opinions. This allows them to test institutional rules and norms as well as world public opinion, and distance themselves from the other if necessary.
The two countries emphasize multipolarity and the United Nations in their global governance strategies. However, Beijing and Moscow have different understandings of the way the system of global governance should evolve, and different priorities for international organizations and their various bodies.
While both countries voice their priorities at the UN Security Council (UNSC), they pursue differing regional policies. In Africa, Russia’s goals are narrowly protectionist of national governments, while China’s policies, which reflect its global ambition and commitment to institutions, promote development and international cooperation. Beijing and Moscow also hold significantly different views on UN reform.
Since 2022, Russia and China have transformed the role of the BRICS countries in the global arena, using its expansion to indirectly improve their own international standing. The group expanded membership and increased cooperation across policy domains, utilizing the tactics of logrolling to trade support for policy advancement.
Introduction
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