This report analyses the geopolitical consequences of Russia officially recognising the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in July 2025.
Following the Taliban’s removal from Russia’s terrorist list, this move shows Moscow’s intention to broaden collaboration in trade, infrastructure, and regional security.
Russia’s acknowledgment is part of a larger strategy to expand its influence in Central and South Asia, a region where competition from other powers is intensifying.
Key TakeawaysRussia has become the first country formally to recognise the Taliban government since August 2021.
Recognition encompasses planned cooperation on security, counter-narcotics, infrastructure, trade and energy.
The shift reflects Moscow’s strategy to increase geopolitical influence in Central and South Asia.
Introduction/Background
Since the Taliban regained control in August 2021 and declared the country the “Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,” Moscow has adopted a practical approach, recognising Taliban diplomats and keeping its Kabul embassy open.
In April 2025, Russia’s Supreme Court removed the Taliban from its list of banned terrorist organisations. Taliban delegations attended the Kazan Forum “Russia – the Islamic World” (May 2025) and the St Petersburg Economic Forum (SPIEF 2025), raising the profile of Afghanistan within Russia-led economic frameworks.
On July 3, 2025, Russia officially recognised the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, and the Taliban flag hung over the Afghan embassy in Moscow.
Geopolitical Analysis
Moscow’s formal recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan reflects a calculated pivot from informal engagement to full diplomatic endorsement.
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