Shwetaungthagathu Reform Initiative Centre
As Trump 2.0 intensifies his tariff war, Myanmar’s garment industry, already reeling from military rule and economic collapse, is emerging as one of the least expected but most vulnerable casualties.
Key Takeaways:Myanmar’s garment industry, once a low-cost export hope, collapses under U.S. tariffs, compounded by political instability and global supply chain fragility.
The Trump administration’s 2025 tariff hikes, including a 44% import tax on Myanmar goods, devastate export competitiveness and accelerate job losses.
Over 80% of the industry’s workforce is women, and the trade shock is worsening gender inequality, forcing thousands into precarity or migration.
As President Donald Trump returns to power, his administration has intensified its tariff policy, particularly targeting China with steep increases on a wide range of imports.
However, the ripple effects of this protectionist approach extend far beyond Beijing. Once seen as a potential beneficiary of the U.S.-China trade, Myanmar now finds itself caught in the crossfire. Once a growing center for low-cost manufacturing, Myanmar’s garment industry, dependent on Chinese raw materials, western markets, and foreign investment, is struggling to survive.
This article explores the unfolding “tariff trap” that is dismantling Myanmar’s garment industry, examining its wide-reaching impact on trade, jobs, human rights, economic stability, and the long-term future of one of the country’s most vital sectors.
Historical Context: U.S.-China Tariffs and Ripple Effects on Myanmar
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