Konark Bhandari
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India’s efforts to build a semiconductor ecosystem since its independence have been uneven, with several well-intentioned but false starts. In December 2021, however, India renewed its attempt at incubating a respectable semiconductor network. This time, it is going well and without major hiccups.
The Indian Semiconductor Mission (ISM) was established as the nodal agency under the federal government’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) to vet and screen investments and implement semiconductor schemes in the country. In less than four years, it has already approved ten projects to galvanize India’s semiconductor ecosystem. These projects range from the massive, $10 billion fab investment announced by Tata Electronics Private Limited to the more than $2.75 billion cumulative investment from Micron Technology in setting up an assembly, testing, marking, and packaging (ATMP) plant. Other projects include an outsourced semiconductor assembly and test (OSAT) plant in Assam; two manufacturing facilities in Sanand, Gujarat; and a semiconductor plant in Uttar Pradesh.
On August 12, 2025, four new projects were cleared, including a separate packaging plant in Odisha, a semiconductor manufacturing unit in Andhra Pradesh, and the expansion of an existing manufacturing facility in Mohali, Punjab. Though estimates suggest that a proportion of the original corpus of approximately $10 billion has been availed, the exact number is unclear.
Four years after the ISM’s launch, it appears that the Indian semiconductor ecosystem has the green shoots to grow. This article looks at the main features of India’s semiconductor journey so far.
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