31 December 2025

Artifical intelligence is everywhere: 2025 review

Sydney J. Freedberg Jr.

Just three years after OpenAI’s launch of ChatGPT put a new form of artificial intelligence at everyone’s fingertips, AI has raced through the hype cycle from obscurity to commonplace, from novelty toy to workaday tool. That’s now true even for soldiers, military planners, and state-sponsored hackers around the world.

In the process, AI has become not only routinized but institutionalized. In January, newly inaugurated President Trump hosted OpenAI and partners in the Oval Office to announce what they called Stargate, a plan to invest $500 billion in new data centers, with the US military as a major potential customer. By August, the Pentagon’s independent Chief Digital & AI Office, had been absorbed into the traditional Research & Engineering undersecretariat.

And in December, Secretary Pete Hegseth and R&E under secretary Emil Michael announced a new website, GenAI.mil, to make commercial Large Language Model tools available to all three million military and civilian Defense Department personnel.

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