1 January 2026

Cyberwarfare is here – and we must be ready

Dr Neil Shastri-Hurst MP

Britain’s national resilience is being tested in ways that would have been unthinkable a generation ago. The threats we face no longer come solely from hostile militaries with their bombs and artillery, but from cyber operations that target our essential services, our economy, and the systems that underpin daily life. This article is the opinion of the author and not necessarily that of the UK Defence Journal. If you would like to submit your own article on this topic or any other, please see our submission guidelines.

In the 12 months to September 2025, GCHQ’s National Cyber Security Centre handled a record 204 “nationally significant” cyber attacks, up from 89 in the previous 12 months. That works out as four attacks a week, aimed squarely at our national security, economy and critical infrastructure. It comes as no surprise that a substantial proportion were linked to Advanced Persistent Threat actors – nation-states or highly capable criminal organisations.

​​When people think of cyber attacks, they might picture the recent Jaguar Land Rover incident, which is estimated to have cost the economy nearly £2 billion. Or attacks on the NHS, disrupting services and compromising patient privacy as systems are locked down and data stolen.

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