Astrid Chevreuil
Following French President Emmanuel Macron’s March 2 speech at Île-Longue, most Nordic countries—Sweden, Denmark, and Norway—have expressed interest in an additional European nuclear protection, to complement U.S. extended deterrence. For the Nordics, once the world’s most vocal advocates for nuclear disarmament, the recent transition to a formal reliance on nuclear deterrence, and primarily U.S. extended deterrence, has been a profound strategic coming of age. Yet this pivot has birthed a unique dilemma: These states have anchored their survival to NATO’s nuclear posture at the exact moment the U.S. National Defense Strategy has begun to increasingly prioritize domestic interests over international commitments.
Consequently, the nuclear debate in the Nordic countries has reached a historical fever pitch. Spanning the traditional NATO umbrella, the provocative concept of an indigenous “Nordic Nuke,” and the European path of Macron’s forward deterrence, these discussions signal a move beyond traditional disarmament to champion a more autonomous form of strategic thinking.
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