Samson Roudière Aboulkheir
Article 34 of the 1958 French Constitution establishes programming laws that set long-term policy frameworks and define multi-year budget orientations—typically spanning 4 to 7 years. The Loi de Programmation Militaire (Military Programming Law or MPL) applies this mechanism to national defense. It outlines the French armed forces’ main priorities, identifies strategic challenges, and allocates the financial resources needed to modernize the military over the designated period. The 2024–2030 MPL seeks to reinforce France’s sovereignty and strategic autonomy. Compared with the previous law, it significantly increases defense spending.
The MPL document states that the convergence of hybrid warfare and high-intensity conflict—illustrated by Russia’s war in Ukraine—requires scaling up the French Army’s equipment and capabilities and enhancing joint operations. The document outlines a major threat: “The international jihadist movement continues to present a significant security challenge for both Western states and fragile countries across the Muslim world, from Africa to Southeast Asia.” The document presents other evolving threats, including the use of proxies by competing powers to undermine French influence; mounting pressure on French overseas territories, particularly from China; and the destabilizing effects of climate change, which aggravate crises in fragile regions.
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