30 May 2026

Has Anyone ‘Won’ the Iran War?

National Interest  |  Khalid Al-Jaber

The US-Israel-Iran war has reshaped the Middle East's balance of power, yet produced no clear strategic resolution for any involved actor, leading to a fragile equilibrium. The United States, having spent an estimated $25-50 billion, prevented a broader conflict and degraded Iran's military, but exposed its eroding capacity for decisive victory.

Israel achieved significant tactical military gains against Iranian proxies like Hezbollah, including the death of Hassan Nasrallah, but failed to dismantle the regional threat architecture or inflict a decisive defeat on Iran. Iran, despite systematic failures in its forward defense doctrine, survived by preserving state cohesion and regional influence, denying adversaries a conclusive outcome, though at the cost of becoming an actor focused on mere existence. Europe remained economically significant but strategically marginal, managing economic fallout. China, however, emerged as a significant beneficiary, stress-testing its economy, securing geoeconomic gains, and leveraging Western distraction to reinforce a global power shift eastward. Gulf Cooperation Council states demonstrated resilience, developing alternative oil export infrastructure and recognizing the need for robust indigenous security capacities.

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