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3 December 2025

How Trump's 28-point plan for Ukraine shocked the world

Barak Ravid,

President Volodymyr Zelensky listened on speakerphone one week ago as President Trump's advisers Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner read, line by line, from a 28-point plan to end the war in Ukraine.

Why it matters: The existence of the plan would emerge two days later on Axios. By Friday, Zelensky was warning the Ukrainian people that Trump's plan — and the pressure he faced to sign it — had plunged Ukraine into one of the most difficult moments of its existence.

Zelensky's participation by phone in the meeting last weekend between his national security adviser, Rustem Umerov, and Trump's team has not previously been reported, and offers more clarity on when he was brought into the talks.
The process that led to that dramatic meeting, and to the 28-point plan, began around a month earlier on a flight back to Miami from the Middle East.

This account is based on interviews with six U.S. officials, two Ukrainian officials and another source with knowledge, most of whom were directly involved in talks on the plan.

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