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7 May 2022

Europe’s Energy Crisis and the War in Ukraine

Paul J. Saunders

Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine—and its recent decision to halt natural gas exports to Poland and Bulgaria—have provoked searching debates surrounding Europe’s energy dependence on Russia, economic and political vulnerabilities, European climate goals, and policy options to ensure secure and affordable access to energy. How quickly can Europe (and especially Germany) reduce existing energy imports from Russia and at what cost? To what extent can the United States help? How might Moscow respond to such efforts? These are only a few of the critical questions.

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