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30 September 2025

What the Pakistan-Saudi Arabia Pact Means for South Asia

Sumit Ganguly

Pakistan and Saudi Arabia signed a defense pact last week that provides mutual security guarantees. The agreement is likely to have ramifications for South Asia, as it comes as a particularly fraught moment in the region. It follows the short but intense India-Pakistan conflict in May, after a terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, which New Delhi says was sponsored by Islamabad.

In the wake of the May military skirmish, Indian officials were piqued when U.S. President Donald Trump hosted Pakistan Army chief Asim Munir at the White House. India also took umbrage over Trump’s claim that he played a pivotal role in defusing the conflict and bringing about a cease-fire. India-Pakistan relations are now at their lowest ebb in decades, and the new pact is likely to cause further distress in New Delhi.

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