The U.S. Army must adjust its air defense doctrine to counter adversaries' advancing aerial arsenals, as evidenced by the Russo-Ukrainian and Iran Wars. Commanders need to visualize airspace as maneuver space and employ multidomain engagement-area development as the primary organizing construct for air defense capabilities. This requires 3D visualization tools and a dynamic approach to planning.
Air and missile defense operations face challenges including limited point-defense assets, complex sensor-shooter linking, the rapid speed of threats, and constrained interceptor allocation. The Army's doctrine emphasizes layering capabilities through principles like mass, mix, and integration, and tenets such as defense in depth. Planning activities involve organizing 3D battlespace, prioritizing assets for defense, and developing enemy-focused multidomain aerial engagement areas, moving beyond traditional asset-focused "defense designs" or "bubbles."
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