Lokendra Sharma,
Abhishek Kadiyala
, Arindam Goswami, Ashwin Prasad, Nitin PaiIndia’s current multialignment strategy is buckling under the pressure of a volatile, transactional US and a structurally aggressive China. This paper argues that while India should continue engaging with the US and China, it should also pursue a strategy of sectoral plurilateralism. Plurilateral blocs are capability-driven groupings of countries (excluding major powers) that function as geopolitical backstops.
We recommend that India pursue twelve such blocs in a phased manner, beginning with three priority pilot blocs — space, digital public infrastructure and AI — and then expand into supply chain, finance, scientific, technological, social, and security groupings.
Operationally, India must shift from broad multilateral arrangements and instead focus on narrow, deep arrangements built for functional sovereignty. These blocs have the potential to increase economic integration and create geopolitical leverage for all bloc members.
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