15 June 2026

Washington and Tehran’s Very Dangerous Moment

Carnegie Endowment | Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar

The U.S.-Iran relationship has entered a highly dangerous phase, characterized by a "rapid-fire game of ping-pong" where rules of engagement are constantly changing, leading to increased risks. Iran is simultaneously managing military, economic, and internal conflicts, with its society deeply fragmented between anger, pro-government rallies, and fear amid triple-digit food inflation.

Mojtaba Khamenei, son of the late Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, reportedly leads Iran, operating largely in the shadows through the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), which is consolidating state control. Iran's leadership now prefers direct confrontation over bilateral negotiations, viewing diplomacy as a U.S. tool for intelligence gathering and believing Washington underestimates its resilience. Tehran's strategy aims to fundamentally alter how it is dealt with globally, accepting escalation risks to correct U.S. misperceptions about its resolve. U.S. officials should reestablish and adhere to rules of engagement, recognize Iran's rapid-response posture, and anticipate continued Middle East focus, potentially entering a new era of protracted conflict centered on Iran.

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