7 May 2025

China’s military surge signals urgency for India’s defence readiness

Air Marshal Anil Chopra

As China seeks to achieve “national rejuvenation” by its centenary in 2049, Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leaders view a modern, capable, and “world-class” military as essential to achieving its revisionist aims (changing the current status quo) and overcoming what Beijing sees as an increasingly turbulent international environment.

This is the guiding principle charting China’s national, economic, and military strategy. It is thus important to understand the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) strategic thinking, current capabilities, and activities as well as its future modernisation goals.

China continues its efforts to transform the PLA into an increasingly capable instrument of national power. The PLA is adopting more coercive actions in the Indo-Pacific region and elsewhere while accelerating its development of capabilities and concepts to strengthen China’s ability to “fight and win wars” against a “stronger enemy”, counter an intervention by a third party in a conflict along China’s periphery, and project power globally.

Understanding China’s Strategy

China’s longstanding national strategy determinedly pursues political, social, economic, technological, and military development to increase China’s national power and revise the international order in support of China’s system of governance and national interests.

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