Iran demonstrated its capability to choke off a fifth of the world’s oil supply via the Strait of Hormuz during a recent war. This strategic vulnerability has prompted Gulf states to quietly develop alternative energy export routes to mitigate Iran's leverage permanently. Iraq is significantly increasing fuel exports through Syria, while Saudi Arabia has expanded its oil shipments via a 40-year-old pipeline to the Red Sea.
Oman's oil exports have also reached a two-year high, indicating a concerted effort to reduce reliance on the Strait. These developments suggest Middle Eastern governments are making lasting changes to their energy infrastructure, planning for a future where disruptions to the Strait of Hormuz are likely or certain, despite Washington's efforts for a lasting peace deal with Iran.
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