13 May 2025

THE RISE OF THE MILITARY PARTNERSHIP AMONG RUSSIA, CHINA, AND NORTH KOREA

YOUNGJUN KIM

Over the past decade, realism has dominated the international order. This is particularly true in Northeast Asia, where an arms race is escalating between the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), the Republic of Korea (ROK), the United States, Russia, and Japan. As the international community continues its efforts to resolve the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, it is preparing for the possibility that the next crisis might begin in Northeast Asia.

During the Biden administration, the ROK-U.S. alliance emphasized extended deterrence to preclude any need for South Korea to develop its own nuclear arsenal, while the historic Camp David Summit strengthened the trilateral security partnership between the United States, the ROK, and Japan. Although the Trump administration has so far reaffirmed U.S. support for this trilateral security partnership, the possibility of another summit between Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un is a wild card in U.S.-ROK relations.

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