28 April 2026

How Big a Threat Are Iranian-Backed Cyberattacks?

Timo Lenzen

On April 7th, when the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) issued a warning that cyber actors affiliated with the Iranian regime had gained access to internet-connected programmable logic controllers (P.L.C.s), small computers used by myriad American critical-infrastructure sectors—including municipal energy, water, and wastewater agencies—to automate their systems, Operation Epic Fury 

was in its thirty-eighth day. April 7th was also the day that President Donald Trump declared both a “total and complete victory” over Iran and a fragile two-week ceasefire while negotiators attempted to hammer out a peace plan. The CISA advisory, which noted that the Iranian-linked cyber actors were “conducting this activity to cause disruptive effects within the United States,” was a blunt reminder that, in the digital age, the battlefield has expanded to encompass the geography of everyday life.

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