1 June 2026

Iran and the Forever War Trap

Foreign Affairs  |  Lawrence D. Freedman

U.S. President Donald Trump, despite his prior criticisms of predecessors for engaging in "forever wars" within the Middle East, now faces considerable challenges in disengaging the United States from its current conflict with Iran, a predicament he reportedly regrets. This situation exemplifies a "forever war trap," where the administration's strategic objective to avoid a prolonged quagmire has paradoxically resulted in a difficult, protracted impasse.

Over the past weekend, President Trump publicly declared that a comprehensive agreement aimed at concluding the war with Iran and ensuring the reopening of the strategically vital Strait of Hormuz was "largely negotiated" and nearing finalization. Simultaneously, Iranian officials corroborated these statements, indicating that both parties were close to formalizing a memorandum of understanding with the United States, specifically intended to cease the ongoing hostilities and de-escalate the conflict.

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