China is transitioning its quantum sector from foundational scientific research to industrialization and commercial market dominance under its 15th Five-Year Plan recommendations. The Chinese government has elevated quantum technology to the top position among future industries, shifting from a linear science-push model to a mission-driven approach focused on New Quality Productive Forces.
Local governments, particularly in Hefei, are deploying aggressive industrial policies—including dedicated Government Guidance Funds, tech parks, and the Quantum Information Thousand Scenarios Action—to integrate quantum computing, communication, and sensing applications across state-owned enterprises. This state-backed industrial push aims to build commercial application platforms, expand domestic market demand, and scale upstream and downstream supply chains. Consequently, Chinese quantum technologies are expected to systematically advance toward international export markets through Belt and Road Initiative partnerships, challenging Western isolation efforts.
The Hefei National Quantum Lab anchors an industrial policy apparatus designed to bypass Western technology controls through state-directed market creation. By mandating thousands of application scenarios across state-owned enterprises, Beijing provides the commercial demand pull that early-stage quantum firms historically struggled to secure organically. This mission-driven mobilization mirrors historical defense-industrial scaling models, substituting traditional venture capital with municipal guidance funds and mandatory enterprise adoption cycles.
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